This paper examines the dependence structure between two currencies (Yuan and Euro) before and after Yuan joins the SDR basket. To this end, we propose SJC copula TIME-VARYING approach for the daily closing price of these currencies for the period 2005-2020. According to the evidence, the behavior of Chinese monetary authorities in response to Euro-Dollar has changed. In the first period, exchange rates are more correlated when they are depreciating against dollar compared to when they are appreciating. This means that the Chinese monetary authorities' priority has been to maintain a competitive advantage in world trade and thus to intervene to depreciate yuan as euro depreciates against dollar. In the second period, with the internationalization of yuan, China's strategy changed and reacted more drastically to the appreciation of Euro against dollar,PBOC intervenes to appreciate Yuan, stabilizing its currency price. In this case, by supporting investors, it encourages them to maintain and even increase the Yuan share in their portfolio.

In this paper, a closed-loop optimal guidance with final position and velocity constraints is obtained by applying TIME-VARYING weighting COEFFICIENT in the performance index in order to shape the commanded acceleration. The control system is assumed to be linear, TIME-VARYING, and of arbitrary order with a throttle able engine. The acceleration due to drag is also modeled as a linear. Function with respect to velocity vector multiplied by a given junction of TIME. In addition, different weighting junctions are suggested for different acceleration constraints, such as maximum dynamic pressure, separation of stages, and zero acceleration at the final TIME. Finally, the performance of the guidance law for a combined weighting function is evaluated and discussed.

Due to the spherical divergence and specifically absorption in the earth, amplitude of a propagating seism wave varies as a function of TIME. This stretches the wavelet in TIME and reduces the TIME (or vertical) resolution of the seismic sections. To overcome the problem one has to apply so called spatial migration or deconvolution on data. Usually the least square Wiener deconvolution is used to boost up the attenuated frequency components. Unfortunately, the Wiener based deconvolution methods assume that the source generated seismic wavelet is stationary (i.e. its frequency content remains unchanged within the record). A method of deconvolution in the Gabor domain is applied in this paper that considers the seismic data as a non-stationary phenomenon.The Gabor transform (Equation 1) is a windowed or short TIME Fourier transform, where the window used to isolate the frequency content of input record in TIME, is a Gaussian type. According to the uncertainty principle, the Gabor transform has the least uncertainty among other windowed Fourier transforms.Please clik on PDF icon to viwe the complet abstract.

In this paper, the problem of finite-TIME stability and finite-TIME stabilization for a specific class of dynamical systems with nonlinear functions in the presence TIME-VARYING delay and norm-bounded uncertainty terms is investigated. Nonlinear functions are considered to satisfy the Lipchitz conditions. At first, sufficient conditions to guarantee the finite-TIME stability for TIME-delay nonlinear system with uncertainties and based on the Lyapunov approach is presented. In the following, sufficient conditions to ensure finite TIME stabilization the considered system with state feedback are presented. In the proofs of proposed theorems are used from the appropriate Lyapunov-Krasovskii function and newton-Libniz-formula that can reduce the conservative. Also, all of the obtained conditions in this paper are delay-dependent and presented as linear matrix inequalities. Finally, the numerical examples and simulations exhibit the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

All oscillators are periodically TIME VARYING systems, so to accurate phase noise calculation and simulation, TIME VARYING model should be considered. Phase noise is an important characteristic of oscillator design. It defined as the spectral density of the oscillator spectrum at an offset from the center frequency of the oscillator relative to the power of the oscillator. In this paper, we study linear TIME invariant (LTI) and linear TIME variant (LTV) model’s to calculate phase noise. Moreover, we propose a simple method for Impulse Sensitivity Function (ISF) calculation. Different oscillators have been selected to evaluate the proposed method. Simulation results show that the proposed method is simpler than other methods, and we can easily simulation ISF.

In this work, we consider the nonlinear Kawahara equation with internal TIME-dependent delay in a bounded domain. We prove that this equation has a unique solution. Moreover, we use a Lyapunov functional approach to prove the exponential stability of the nonlinear system, under some assumptions on the weights of the feedbacks and on the TIME-dependent delay. We present some numerical simulations to illustrate the obtained results.

This paper presents a new observer design methodology for a TIME VARYING actuator fault estimation. A new linear matrix inequality (LMI) design algorithm is developed to tackle the limitations (e.g. equality constraint and robustness problems) of the well known so called fast adaptive fault estimation observer (FAFE). The FAFE is capable of estimating a wide range of TIME-VARYING actuator fault signals via augmenting the Luenberger-observer by a proportional integral fault estimator feedback. Within this framework, the main contribution of this paper is the proposal of new LMI formulation that incorporates the use of L2 norm minimization: (a) to obviate the FAFE equality constraint in order to relax the design algorithm, (b) to ensure robustness against external disturbances, (c) to provide additional degrees of freedom to solve the infeasible optimization problem via assigning different proportional and integral fault estimator gains. Finally, a VTOL aircraft simulation example is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed FAFE.